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Maths Grinds
24 Jun 2019

Leaving Cert Applied Maths Higher Level 1977

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Question 1

(i) A car starts from rest at $p$ and moves with constant acceleration $k$ metres/second$^2$. Three seconds later another car passes through $P$ travelling in the same direction with constant speed $u$ metres/second, where $u>3k$. Draw a velocity/time graph for the two cards, using the same axes and the same scales.

(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that the second car will just catch up on the first if $u=6k$, and that it will not catch up on it if $u<6k$.

(iii) If $u>6k$, find the greatest distance the second car will be ahead of the first.

[Video Solution]

Question 2

(i) Explain, with the aid of a diagram, what is meant by the relative velocity of one body with respect to another.

(ii) To a cyclist riding North at $7$ m/s the wind appears to blow from the North-West. To a pedestrian walking due West at $1$ m/s the same wind appears to come from the South-West. Find the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the wind, by expressing it in the form $u\vec{i}+v\vec{j}$ or otherwise.

[Video Solution]

Question 3

A particle is projected up a plane which is inclined at an angle $\alpha$ to the horizontal, where $\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}$. The direction of projection makes an angle of $60^\circ$ with the inclined plane. The plane of projection is vertical and contains the line of greatest slope.

(i) Show that the particle strikes the inclined plane at right angles.

(ii) Verify that the total energy of the particle at the moment of striking the plane is the same as when the particle is first projected.

[Video Solution]

Question 4

A mass of $2$ kg is lying on a rough plane inclined at $60^\circ$ to the horizontal, coefficient of friction $\frac{1}{2}$. The $2$ kg mass is connected, by a light inextensible string passing over a smooth fixed pulley at the top of the plane, to a mass of $5$ kg hanging freely. When the system is set free the $5$ kg mass moves downwards.

(i) Show in separate diagrams the forces acting on each mass,

(ii) and calculate the common acceleration.

(iii) If a mass of $12$ kg were used instead of the $2$ kg mass, show by considering the forces acting that it would not move up the plane or down the plane.

[Video Solution]

Question 5

A pump raises water from a depth of $5$ m and discharges it horizontally through a nozzle of diameter $0.14$ m at a speed of $10$ m/s. Calculate

(i) the mass of water raised per second,

(ii) the kinetic energy given to this mass,

(iii) the power at which the pump is working.

(iv) If the water strikes a fixed vertical wall directly in front of the nozzle, find the forces exerted by the water on the wall, on the assumption that no water bounces back.

[Mass of $1$ m$^3$ of water is $1000$ kg. Take $\pi=\frac{22}{7}$.]

[Video Solution]

Question 6

One end of a uniform ladder of weight $W$ rests against a smooth vertical wall and the other rests on a rough horizontal ground so that it makes an angle $\tan^{-1} \frac{2}{3}$ with the horizontal.

(i) Show that the ladder will start to slip outwards if the coefficient of friction $\mu$ is less than $\frac{3}{4}$.

(ii) When $\mu=\frac{1}{3}$ the ladder is just prevented from slipping by a vertical string attached to the ladder at a point $\frac{1}{3}$ of its length from the top. Calculate the tension in the string in terms of $W$.

[Video Solution]

Question 7

A smooth sphere of mass $3$ kg moving at $\sqrt{29}$ m/s collides with a second sphere of mass $6$ kg moving at $5$ m/s. The direction of motion of the spheres make angles of $\tan^{-1}\frac{2}{5}$ and $\tan^{-1}\frac{4}{3}$, respectively, with the line of centres, both angles being measured in the same sense. The coefficient of restitution is $\frac{3}{4}$.

(i) Find the speeds and direction of motion of the spheres after impact and

(ii) calculate the kinetic energy lost in the collision.

[Video Solution]

Question 8

(a) The position vector of a particle moving in a circle of radius $r$ with constant angular velocity $\omega$ can be expressed in the form

$ r \cos \omega t \vec{i} + r \sin \omega t \vec{j} $.

Find the acceleration of the particle and show that it is directed towards the centre.

[Video Solution]

(b) Three light rods $ab$, $bc$, $ca$, each of length $l$, are freely jointed to form a triangle $abc$. Two particles of mass $m$ are attached, one at $b$ and one at $c$. The system rotates about a vertical axis through $a$ with constant angular velocity $\omega$ such that $ab$ is horizontal and $c$ is vertically below $ab$. (see diagram)

Show in separate diagrams the forces acting on the particles (the forces exerted by the rods act along the rods). Calculate the forces in the rods and prove that $\omega^2 = 2\sqrt{3}\frac{g}{l}$.

[Video Solution]

Question 9

(a) For a compound pendulum (a rigid body performing small oscillations in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis) prove that the period time $T$ is given by

$ T = 2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{I}{mgh}} $

where $m$ is the mass of the pendulum, $I$ the moment of inertia about the axis, and $h$ the perpendicular distance from the centre of gravity to the axis.

[Video Solution]

(b) If the compound pendulum is a uniform rod of length $2l$, show that $\frac{g}{4\pi^2l}T^2 = \frac{h}{l} + \frac{1}{3} \frac{l}{h}$ and calculate the value of $\frac{h}{l}$ for which $T$ is a minimum.

[Video Solution]

Question 10

(a) State the Principle of Archimedes.

[Video Solution]

(b) A tank contains a later of water and a layer of oil of relative density $0.8$). A uniform rod of relative density $\frac{7}{9}$ is totally immersed with one third of its volume in the water and two thirds in the oil. It is maintained in that position by two vertical strings attached to the ends of the rod and to the bottom of the tank.

(i) Show in a diagram the forces acting on the rod and

(ii) calculate the tensions in the strings in terms of $W$, the weight of the rod.

[Video Solution]

Question 11

Answer any three of (a), (b), (c), (d) below.

(a) Using Taylor’s theorem find the first three terms in the Taylor series for $\frac{e^x}{1-x}$ in the neighbourhood of $x=0$ i.e. the Maclaurin series of $\frac{e^x}{1-x}$.

[Video Solution]

(b) Determine if the series

$\left(z-1\right) + \frac{1}{2}\left(z-1\right)^2 + \cdots + \frac{1}{n}\left(z-1\right)^n + \cdots$

is absolutely convergent for $z=\frac{1}{4}\left(1+3i\right).$

[Video Solution]

(c) Solve the differential equation

$\frac{dy}{dx}=y \sin x$

if $y=\sqrt{e}$ when $x=\frac{\pi}{3}$.

[Video Solution]

(d) Solve the equation

$\frac{d^2 y}{dx^2}  + 3\frac{dy}{dx} + 2y = 0$

if $y=2$ and $\frac{dy}{dx}=0$ when $x=0$.

[Video Solution]


Latest PSI Licence:

“Contains Irish Public Sector Information licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence”.

Important Exception to the above Licence:

The State Examination Commission is the copyright holder which is providing the material under the above license (as per current directives and regulations from the relevant government bodies). However the State Examination Commission as an Irish examination body is able to use copyrighted material in its exams without infringing copyright but this right is not extended to third parties when those exams are re-used.

(For example: the State Examination Commission may include in their exam a copyrighted poem and this action does not require the permission of the poet but the poet’s permission must be sought when the exam is re-used by someone other than the State Examination Commission.)

Also, all derived and related work (such as video solutions, lessons, notes etc) are the copyrighted material of Stephen Easley-Walsh (unless stated otherwise). And that the above licence is for only the exam itself and nothing further.

Citation:

State Examinations Commission (2023). State Examination Commission. Accessed at: https://www.examinations.ie/?l=en&mc=au&sc=ru

Malone, D and Murray, H. (2023). Archive of Maths State Exams Papers. Accessed at: http://archive.maths.nuim.ie/staff/dmalone/StateExamPapers/

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